The Effect of Dumbbell Training on Underhand Passing Ability in Volleyball Games in Students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26858/cpjok.v18i2.699Keywords:
Dumbbell Training; Underhand Passing; Volleyball; Physical Education; Skill ImprovementAbstract
This study was conducted based on the low underhand passing ability of eighth-grade students in volleyball learning, particularly related to limited ball control, arm stability, and passing accuracy. Improving these technical deficiencies requires an appropriate training method, one of which is dumbbell training aimed at enhancing upper-body strength to support technical performance. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the effect of dumbbell training on improving underhand passing ability in volleyball among eighth-grade students of Madani Integrated Model State Middle School, Palu. This research employed a quantitative method with an experimental approach using a One Group Pre-test Post-test Design. The research subjects consisted of 30 students selected through total sampling. Data were collected using an underhand passing ability test administered before treatment (pretest) and after treatment (posttest). The treatment consisted of a structured dumbbell training program conducted over several weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a paired sample t-test at a 5% significance level. The results showed a significant improvement in students’ underhand passing ability following the intervention. The average pretest score of 5.6 increased to 9.1 in the posttest, indicating an improvement of 3.7 points. The highest score improved from 7 to 11, while the lowest score increased from 5 to 8. Statistical analysis showed a t-count value of 14.341, which exceeded the t-table value of 1.699. These findings indicate that dumbbell training had a significant positive effect on improving underhand passing ability. In conclusion, dumbbell training is an effective method for improving underhand passing skills and can be applied in school-based volleyball learning and extracurricular training programs.
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