Does Karate Training Contribute to Youth Character Development? A Systematic Review

Abstract

This study examines the contribution of karate training to youth character development through a systematic review approach. Increasing concerns regarding behavioral issues among youth have highlighted the importance of effective character education strategies, particularly those based on experiential learning. Therefore, this study aims to analyze how karate training influences the development of discipline, respect, self-control, and responsibility among young participants. The review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and involved a systematic search of Scopus and Google Scholar databases for studies published between 2015 and 2025. A total of 173 records were identified, of which 9 studies met the inclusion criteria after screening and eligibility assessment. The selected studies included students, karate practitioners, and coaches, with predominantly qualitative designs and one quasi-experimental study. The findings indicate that karate training significantly supports character development through structured routines, rule enforcement, hierarchical relationships, and value internalization. Discipline is developed through repetitive practice and behavioral regulation, respect through ritual practices and social interaction, self-control through emotional regulation during training activities, and responsibility through task ownership and accountability. These results demonstrate that karate provides a meaningful experiential learning environment where character values are actively practiced. However, the predominance of qualitative studies, limited geographic scope, and variability in measurement methods restrict the generalizability of findings. Future research should incorporate experimental and longitudinal designs across diverse contexts to strengthen empirical evidence.