Body Mass Index (BMI) and Macronutrient Needs of Students Aged 14-15 Years

I Kadek Hendra Sastrawan; Hendra Mashuri; I Ketut Semarayasa

Authors

I Kadek Hendra Sastrawan Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha Author
Hendra Mashuri Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5208-1995
I Ketut Semarayasa Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha Author https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1253-810X

Keywords:

Body Mass Index; Macronutrient Needs; Adolescent Nutrition; Energy Requirements; Junior High School Students.

Abstract

This study aims to analyze body mass index (BMI) status and macronutrient requirements among students aged 14–15 years at SMP Negeri 2 Bangli. The research employed a quantitative descriptive design using a survey method. The study population consisted of all Grade IX students, with a sample of 63 students from classes IX A and IX C, comprising 27 female students (43%) and 36 male students (57%). Data were collected through anthropometric measurements to determine BMI and calculations of daily energy and macronutrient needs. The results showed that 4 students (6%) were classified as severely underweight, 6 students (10%) as mildly underweight, 39 students (62%) had a normal BMI, 2 students (3%) were mildly obese, and 12 students (19%) were severely obese. These findings indicate that although most students had a normal BMI, a considerable proportion experienced nutritional imbalance, including both undernutrition and overnutrition. The average daily energy requirement of the students was 2954.63 kcal. Based on macronutrient distribution guidelines, energy needs were divided into 60% carbohydrates, 15% protein, and 25% fat. Accordingly, the average carbohydrate requirement was 1772.78 kcal or 443.19 grams per day, protein requirement was 443.19 kcal or 110.80 grams per day, and fat requirement was 738.66 kcal or 82.07 grams per day. In conclusion, while the majority of students at SMP Negeri 2 Bangli exhibited a normal BMI, the presence of abnormal BMI conditions highlights the need for greater attention to balanced nutrition. Collaborative efforts between schools and families are essential to ensure adequate nutritional intake and support optimal growth and health among adolescents.

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