Physical Fitness and Self-Confidence: A Correlational Study on Badminton Extracurricular Students

Abstract

Adolescence is a critical developmental period in which physical growth and psychological formation, particularly self-confidence, occur simultaneously. Participation in structured sports activities is assumed to provide not only physiological benefits but also psychosocial advantages. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between physical fitness and self-confidence among students participating in badminton extracurricular activities. A quantitative approach with a correlational design was employed. The sample consisted of 76 junior and senior high school students in North Lampung selected using total sampling. Physical fitness was assessed through a standardized test battery covering flexibility, speed, muscular strength, agility, and aerobic endurance. Self-confidence was measured using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), comprising 10 items on a 4-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment correlation, and the coefficient of determination. The results showed that students’ physical fitness levels were predominantly in the moderate category (36.8%), followed by good (27.6%) and very good (11.8%). The mean self-confidence score was 29.84 (SD = 4.12), indicating a moderate-to-high level. Correlation analysis revealed a positive and significant relationship between physical fitness and self-confidence (r = 0.472; p < 0.05), with a coefficient of determination of 22.2%. These findings indicate that better physical fitness is associated with higher self-confidence. It can be concluded that badminton extracurricular programs contribute not only to students’ physical development but also to strengthening psychological aspects. Therefore, extracurricular training should be designed holistically to support adolescent development.