Management of Physical Fitness Programs to Enhance the Performance of Grade Tenth Students at SMA Negeri 2 Jambi City through Physical Education

Abstrak

This study aimed to examine students’ physical fitness levels at SMA Negeri 2 Jambi City as an empirical basis for supporting Physical Education (PJOK) learning and improving students’ physical performance. The research employed a descriptive quantitative design using a physical fitness survey approach. The population consisted of all Grade X students at SMA Negeri 2 Jambi City, and the sample was determined using proportional random sampling. Data were collected in November 2024 through the Indonesian Physical Fitness Test (TKJI), which included the 60-meter sprint, flexed-arm hang, sit-up test, vertical jump, and 1000/1200-meter run to measure speed, muscular strength, muscular endurance, explosive power, and cardiovascular endurance. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics in the form of percentages and standardized fitness category classifications. The results revealed substantial variation across all physical fitness components. Sprint performance ranged from 6.9 to 13.6 seconds, indicating marked differences in speed and neuromuscular coordination. Most students recorded 0 seconds in the flexed-arm hang test, reflecting low upper-body muscular strength. The sit-up and vertical jump tests showed wide disparities in abdominal endurance and lower-body explosive power. The greatest performance gap was observed in cardiovascular endurance, with 1000/1200-meter run completion times ranging from 3 minutes 48 seconds to 15 minutes 12 seconds. Overall, the majority of students were classified in the moderate physical fitness category. These findings indicate that although students demonstrate diverse fitness profiles, their overall physical fitness level still requires improvement, particularly in upper-body strength and cardiovascular endurance. The results highlight the importance of continuous physical activity engagement and structured fitness development through PJOK learning to support students’ physical health, learning readiness, and long-term well-being.