E-Learning Sports Massage Module: Enhancing Muscle Pain Management Skills for PE Teachers Sidoarjo
Kata Kunci:
E-learning Module; Sports Massage; Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness; Physical Education Teachers; Muscle Pain ManagementAbstrak
Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) remains a common physiological consequence of eccentric exercise that can disrupt physical performance, learning continuity, and injury prevention efforts in school-based physical education. This study aimed to enhance the standardized knowledge and practical skills of Physical Education (PE) teachers in managing muscle pain through the implementation of an E-Learning Sports Massage Module. A community-based experimental intervention was conducted involving 37 PE teachers who were active members of the Physical Education Teacher Working Group (KKG PENJASKES) in Sidoarjo District, Indonesia. The study employed a pretest–posttest design to evaluate changes in teachers’ theoretical understanding and practical competence in sports massage techniques for post-exercise recovery. The digital module was delivered through an interactive web-based platform integrating structured textual explanations, anatomical illustrations, and high-definition video tutorials covering standardized massage procedures across seven major body regions. Data were collected using validated knowledge tests and performance-based skills assessments administered before and after the intervention. The results revealed a substantial and statistically significant improvement in both cognitive and psychomotor outcomes following the implementation of the e-learning module. Teachers demonstrated enhanced ability to identify DOMS symptoms, apply appropriate massage pressure and sequencing, and perform evidence-based recovery techniques more effectively. These findings indicate that digital-based sports massage training is an effective strategy for strengthening professional competence among PE teachers. The study provides empirical support for integrating e-learning into sports science training to bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application. Furthermore, the proposed module offers a sustainable, accessible, and scalable model for muscle pain management and injury prevention within school-based physical education contexts.
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Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Ika Nurmaya, I Gde Agung Sri Sidhimantra, Yuni Fitriyah Ningsih, Mochamad Azhar Ilmi (Author)
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