Game Modification in Physical Education Learning: A Literature Review on Improving Student Participation and Motor Skills

Abstrak

Physical education plays a crucial role in developing students' physical fitness, motor skills, and social attitudes. However, in practice, low student participation in physical education learning activities is still found due to the use of learning approaches that are less engaging and less suited to students' abilities. One strategy that can be used to address this issue is game modification in the learning process. This study aims to comprehensively analyze various research findings regarding game modification in physical education learning and its impact on improving student participation and motor skills. This study used a systematic literature review with the PRISMA approach to identify, select, and analyze relevant scientific articles. Literature sources were obtained from various databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, and Google Scholar, covering the last ten years (2015–2025). Based on the literature selection process, 310 articles were identified in the initial stage. After screening and evaluation, 20 articles that met the research criteria were identified and analyzed in-depth. The study results indicate that game modification has a positive impact on increasing student participation in physical education learning. A more enjoyable and interactive learning environment can increase student motivation and engagement in physical activity. Furthermore, game modifications have been shown to improve students' motor skills, particularly in coordination, agility, balance, and object control. Therefore, game modifications can be an effective learning strategy for improving the quality of physical education instruction and supporting the optimal development of students' motor skills.