Development of a Volleyball Underhand Pass Learning Model for Students

Abstrak

This study aimed to develop a volleyball underhand passing learning model for eighth-grade students at Salvation Army Christian Middle School in order to increase students’ interest, motivation, and active participation in physical education learning. The study was motivated by the lack of variation in volleyball teaching methods, which often caused boredom and low enthusiasm among students during learning activities. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using a modified Borg and Gall development procedure. Data collection techniques included interviews, classroom observations, and questionnaires administered to students, teachers, and expert validators. The collected data were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative descriptive techniques. The needs analysis results revealed that 78% of students required a more innovative and game-based learning model to improve engagement during volleyball lessons. The developed product consisted of five game-based learning models, namely Catch the Ball, Curve Ball, Wall Drill, Sprint Ball, and Obstacle Course. Expert validation results from the learning expert and volleyball game expert showed a feasibility score of 96.15%, categorized as “highly feasible.” Furthermore, product trials demonstrated positive student responses, with a percentage score of 86.20% in the small-group trial and 87.33% in the large-group trial, indicating that the model was highly suitable for implementation. In conclusion, the developed volleyball underhand passing learning model was proven to be valid, practical, and effective in creating a more varied, enjoyable, and student-centered learning environment for junior high school volleyball instruction.